Mitosis is the division of the nucleus in a diploid cell (that is, a cell containing 2 sets of chromosomes). It occurs in eukaryotic cells. Generally, it is followed by cytokinesis, which is the splitting of the cell membrane, thus completeing the process of 'duplicating' or dividing the cell.

Binary Fission is the form of asexual reproduction in single-celled organisms. It is the division of one cell into two cells of the same size. This happens in prokaryotic cells, as opposed to eukaryotic cells